Simple Past

El pasado simple

en inglés es equivalente al pretérito imperfecto y pretérito indefinido del español. Usamos el pasado simple para acciones completas en el pasado. El período de tiempo de estas acciones no es importante como en el español.

Grammatical Rules (Reglas gramaticales)

Form (Forma)

Para formar el pasado simple con verbos regulares, usamos el infinitivo y añadimos la terminación "-ed". La forma es la misma para todas personas (I, you, he, she, it, we, they).

• Ejemplos:
• Want→ Wanted
• Learn→ Learned
• Stay→ Stayed
• Walk→ Walked
• Show→ Showed

Excepciones:

1. Para verbos que terminan en una "e", sólo añadimos "-d.
   • Ejemplos:
   • Change→ Changed
   • Believe→ Believed
2. Si el verbo termina en una vocal corta y una consonante (excepto "y" o "w"), doblamos la consonante final.
   • Ejemplos:
   • Stop→ Stopped
   • Commit→ Committed
3. Con verbos que terminan en una consonante y una "y", se cambia la "y" para una "i".
   • Ejemplos:
   • Study→ Studied 
   • Try→ Tried

Nota: Hay muchos verbos irregulares en inglés. Desafortunadamente, no hay reglas fijadas para formarlos. A continuación tienes los tres verbos irregulares más comunes y los que actúan como verbos auxiliares.

Verb	Past Simple
be	was (I, he, she, it) / were (you, we, they)
do	did
have	had

Pronunciation (Pronunciación)

Pronunciamos la terminación "-ed" de forma diferente dependiendo de la letra que va al final del infinitivo. En general la "e" es muda.

1. Con los infinitivos que terminan en "p", "f", "k" o "s" (consonantes sordas, excepto "t") pronunciamos la terminación" "-ed" como una "t".
   • Ejemplos:
   • Looked   [Lukt] 
   • Kissed   [Kisst]
2. Con los infinitivos que terminan en "b", "g", "l", "m", "n", "v", "z" (consonantes sonoras, excepto "d") o una vocal, pronunciamos sólo la "d".
   • Ejemplos:
   • Yelled  [Jeld] 
   • Cleaned  [Klind]
3. Con los infinitivos que terminan en "d" o "t", pronunciamos la "e" como una "i".
   • Ejemplos:
   • Ended  [Endid]
   • Waited  [Weitid]
   • 
     
   • Structure (Estructura)
   • 1. Affirmative Sentences (Frases afirmativas)
   • Ejemplos:
   • I wanted to dance. (Quería bailar.)
   • She was a doctor. (Era doctora.)
   • They learned English. (Aprendieron inglés.)
   • We believed him. (Le creímos.)

Sujeto + verbo principal.
1. Negative Sentences (Frases negativas)
   • Ejemplos:
   • I didn't want to dance. (No quería bailar.)
   • She wasn't a doctor. (No era doctora.)
   • They didn't learn English. (No aprendieron inglés)
   • We didn't believe him. (No le creímos.)
Sujeto + verbo auxiliar ("to do") + "not" + verbo principal.
Nota: En frases negativas, el verbo auxiliar va en el pasado ("did") y el verbo principal se queda en el infinitivo.
2. Interrogative Sentences (Frases interrogativas)
   • Ejemplos:
   • Did you want to dance? (¿Querías bailar?)
   • Was she a doctor? (¿Era doctora?)
   • Did they learn English? (¿Aprendieron ingles?)
   • Did you believe him? (¿Le creíste?)
Verbo auxiliar ("to do") + sujeto + verbo principal?
Nota: Como en frases negativas, el verbo auxiliar va en el pasado ("did") y el verbo principal se queda en el infinitivo.

Uses (Usos)

1. El pasado simple se utiliza para hablar de una acción concreta que comenzó y acabó en el pasado. En este caso equivale al pretérito indefinido español. Generalmente, lo usamos con adverbios del tiempo como "last year", "yesterday", "last night"...
   • Ejemplos:
   • Tom stayed at home last night. (Tom se quedó en casa anoche.)
   • Kate worked last Saturday. (Kate trabajó el sábado pasado.)
   • I didn't go to the party yesterday. (No fui a la fiesta ayer.)
   • Did they walk to school this morning? (¿Andaron a la escuela esta mañana?)
2. Se usa el pasado simple para un serie de acciones en el pasado.
   • Ejemplos:
   • I received the good news and immediately called my husband. (Recibí la buena noticia y llamé de inmediato a mi marido.)
   • He studied for an hour in the morning, worked all afternoon and didn't return home until 10 at night. (Estudió durante una hora por la mañana, trabajó toda la tarde y no regresó a casa hasta las 10 de la noche.)
3. También lo usamos para acciones repetidas o habituales en el pasado, como se usa el pretérito imperfecto español.
   • Ejemplos:
   • We always traveled to Cancun for vacation when we were young. (Siempre viajábamos a Cancun durante las vacaciones cuando éramos jóvenes.)
   • He walked 5 kilometers every day to work. (Caminaba 5 kilómetros hasta el trabajo cada día.)
4. Lo usamos para narraciones o acciones de períodos de largo tiempo en el pasado, como el pretérito imperfecto español.
   • Ejemplos:
   • I worked for many years in a museum. (Trabajaba en un museo durante muchos años.)
   • She didn't eat meat for years. (No comía carne durante años.)
5. Se utiliza para hablar de generalidades o hechos del pasado.
   • Ejemplos:
   • The Aztec lived in Mexico. (Los aztecas vivían en México)
   • I played the guitar when I was a child. (Tocaba la guitarra cuando era niño.)

2012 Olympics

Symbol of the Olympic Games is the intersection of five rings symbolizing each of the five continents involved in the various disciplines and sports, sports and friendship between countries. But each issue has its own logo.

Logo of the 2012 Olympic Games.

The London 2012 Olympic torch.

The tradition of the torch carried in relay by cross country athletes is used to light the Olympic flame, which burns without interruption until the next Olympic Games. These torches were first introduced by Carl Diem responsible for the 1936 Olympic Games as during the ancient Olympic Games at the Temple of Hera in Olympia burned a flame when they lasted.

The emblem of the games in the Olympic torch.

The official mascots 

The official mascots of the Olympics and Paralympics are Wenlock and Mandeville. They were created by the company Iris and delivered on May 19, 2010. According to the story, both born of the drops falling steel construction of the last support beam of the Olympic Stadium in London.

Pet names refer to two British localities of concern to the Olympics. Wenlock's name is based in the town of Much Wenlock, located in the county of Shropshire, where they took place Wenlock Olympics, organized by William Penny Brookes and one of the inspirations of Baron Pierre de Coubertin, founder of the modern Olympic movement . Mandeville's name, meanwhile, refers to Stoke Mandeville, in Buckinghamshire. There, in 1948, the same day it was inaugurated the London Olympics Dr. Ludwig Guttmann organized a competition for veterans of World War II who suffered spinal cord injuries, which laid the foundation for Paralympics.

The XXX Olympic Games was a sporting event that was held from 27 July to 12 August 2012 in the city of London, UK. The first event, the group stage in the women's football tournament began two days before the inauguration on July 25, 2012. Around 10,500 athletes from 204 countries participating in the Olympic Games in London.

Organized

The event was organized by two entities: the Organizing Committee and the Project Office Olympics (ODA by its acronym in English). The organizing committee was responsible for planning, as well as raising the funds needed to carry it out. He was also responsible for the implementation of the opening and closing ceremonies, the Olympic torch relay, the participation of non-profit organizations, the promotion of pets and the festival in 2012. The committee chairman was former Olympic champion Sebastian Coe.38

Meanwhile, the Project Office was responsible for carrying out the works necessary materials for the development of the Olympic Games, as well as transport and services for optimal functioning. There was also support from other agencies: the Olympic Board that was responsible for the coordination and inspection of the games, The Nation and Regions Groups, which ensured the involvement of people in the UK in the games, the Mayor of London, Boris Johnson , which helped ensure that Londoners benefit event received, the Department of Culture, Communications and Sports, finance Manager of the games and sponsorship of ODA, and the official sponsors of international and United Unido.38 addition to the development of the event was attended by around 70,000 volunteers

Sports

In the sports tournament twenty-six developed covering Olympic sports disciplines thirty-nine. With respect to the previous edition, two sports were less with the removal of baseball and softball from the Olympic program. However, there was some news: for the first time took place in the women's boxing, also in track cycling the number of competitions for each gender was five, unlike in Beijing where he had five for men and three for women, and added in tennis mixed doubles competition